🌿 Introduction to Cancer Treatments | Common Types and Therapies

We are committed to providing world-class cancer treatment resources and international medical support. Below is an overview of treatment options for several common cancer types to help you understand the potential care pathways:

🩺 Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide.
Main treatment options include:

✅ Surgery: Partial or total mastectomy
✅ Radiation Therapy: Reduces the risk of recurrence after surgery
✅ Chemotherapy: Used for high-risk early-stage or metastatic breast cancer
✅ Hormone Therapy: Suitable for hormone receptor-positive cancers
✅ Targeted Therapy: Medications like Herceptin for HER2-positive patients

🩺 Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer can be effectively managed through early screening.
Treatment options include:

✅ Surgical Resection: Removal of tumors and lymph nodes
✅ Adjuvant Chemotherapy: Improves survival after surgery
✅ Targeted Therapy: EGFR or VEGF inhibitors for specific genotypes
✅ Immunotherapy: For patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H)

🩺 Lung Cancer

Lung cancer includes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC).
Common treatments:

✅ Surgery: For early-stage cancer
✅ Chemotherapy: Standard treatment for intermediate and advanced stages
✅ Targeted Therapy: For EGFR, ALK, or other genetic mutations
✅ Immunotherapy: PD-1 / PD-L1 inhibitors to boost immune response

🩺 Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Liver Cancer)

Often associated with hepatitis B or C infections.
Treatment options:

✅ Surgery or Liver Transplantation
✅ Local Ablation Therapies: Including Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA), Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE)
✅ Targeted Drugs: Such as Sorafenib and Lenvatinib
✅ Immunotherapy: Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab combination is a standard treatment

🩺 Prostate Cancer

Common among older men, many cases can be managed long-term.
Treatment options include:

✅ Active Surveillance
✅ Surgery: Prostatectomy
✅ Radiation Therapy: External beam or brachytherapy
✅ Hormone Therapy: To reduce androgen levels
✅ Novel Targeted Agents: Help extend progression-free survival

🩺 Gastric Cancer

More prevalent in Asian regions; early stages often present no symptoms.
Primary treatments:

✅ Surgical Resection: Partial or total gastrectomy
✅ Adjuvant Chemotherapy: Such as the FLOT regimen
✅ HER2-Targeted Therapy: Trastuzumab for HER2-positive patients
✅ Immunotherapy: For PD-L1 positive cases

🩺 Cervical Cancer

A preventable cancer through vaccination.
Treatment options include:

✅ Hysterectomy: For early-stage cancer
✅ Concurrent Chemoradiation: For intermediate to advanced stages
✅ Immunotherapy: For late-stage or recurrent cases

🩺 Blood Cancers

This category includes leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma.
Common treatment options include:

✅ Chemotherapy
✅ Stem Cell Transplantation
✅ Targeted Therapy
✅ Immunotherapy, such as CAR-T cell therapy

🩺 Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis, making early diagnosis crucial.
Treatment options include:

✅ Surgical resection (e.g., Whipple procedure)
✅ Chemotherapy (e.g., FOLFIRINOX regimen)
✅ Radiation therapy
✅ Targeted or immunotherapy for patients with BRCA mutations or MSI-H

🩺 Esophageal Cancer

Common among middle-aged men and associated with smoking and alcohol consumption.
Treatment options include:

✅ Surgical removal
✅ Combined chemoradiotherapy
✅ Immunotherapy for PD-L1 positive or MSI-H patients

🩺 Ovarian Cancer

One of the most common gynecological tumors in women.
Treatment options include:

✅ Surgical removal of tumors and ovaries
✅ Platinum-based chemotherapy
✅ PARP inhibitors for patients with BRCA mutations
✅ Targeted and immunotherapies, depending on molecular characteristics

🩺 Brain Tumors

May be primary or metastatic in origin.
Treatment options include:

✅ Neurosurgery
✅ Radiation therapy, including stereotactic radiosurgery
✅ Chemotherapy (e.g., Temozolomide)
✅ Targeted therapy, based on genetic testing

🩺 Skin Cancers

Includes basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.
Treatment options include:

✅ Surgical excision
✅ Immunotherapy such as PD-1 inhibitors (e.g., Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab)
✅ Targeted therapy using BRAF/MEK inhibitors (for melanoma)

🌿 癌症治療介紹 | 常見癌別與治療方式說明

我們致力於提供國際級癌症治療資源與醫療協助，以下是幾種常見癌症類型的治療方式簡介，幫助您初步了解可行的療程選擇：

🩺 乳癌（Breast Cancer）

乳癌為全球女性最常見的癌症之一。
主要治療方式包括：

• ✅ 手術治療：乳房部分切除或全切除

• ✅ 放射線治療：降低術後復發風險

• ✅ 化學治療：用於早期高風險或轉移性乳癌

• ✅ 荷爾蒙治療：適用於荷爾蒙受體陽性類型

• ✅ 標靶療：針對HER2陽性患者使用專一性藥物（如Herceptin）

🩺 大腸癌（Colorectal Cancer）

大腸癌可透過早期篩檢有效控制。
治療方式：

• ✅ 手術切除：移除腫瘤及淋巴結

• ✅ 輔助化療：提高手術後存活率

• ✅ 標靶療法：EGFR或VEGF抑制劑針對特定基因型

• ✅ 免疫療法：適用於微衛星不穩定性高（MSI-H）患者

🩺 肺癌（Lung Cancer）

分為非小細胞肺癌（NSCLC）與小細胞肺癌（SCLC）。
常見療法：

• ✅ 手術切除（早期）

• ✅ 化學治療：中晚期標準療法

• ✅ 標靶治療：針對EGFR、ALK等基因突變

• ✅ 免疫療法：PD-1 / PD-L1 抑制劑提升免疫反應

🩺 肝癌（Hepatocellular Carcinoma）

多數與B型肝炎或C型肝炎相關。
治療方式包含：

• ✅ 外科手術 或 肝臟移植

• ✅ 局部消融療法：如射頻燒灼（RFA）、TACE

• ✅ 標靶藥物：Sorafenib、Lenvatinib

• ✅ 免疫療法：Atezolizumab 與 Bevacizumab 聯合療法為目前標準之一

🩺 攝護腺癌（Prostate Cancer）

常見於中老年男性，許多患者可長期穩定控制。
治療選項：

• ✅ 主動監測（Active Surveillance）

• ✅ 手術切除：前列腺切除術

• ✅ 放射治療：外照射或近接治療

• ✅ 荷爾蒙治療：降低雄激素水平

• ✅ 新型標靶藥物：延長無惡化存活期

🩺 胃癌（Gastric Cancer）

亞洲地區較為常見，早期無明顯症狀。
主要治療：

• ✅ 手術切除：部分或全部胃部切除

• ✅ 輔助化療：如FLOT方案

• ✅ HER2標靶療法：如Trastuzumab

• ✅ 免疫療法：針對PD-L1陽性患者

🩺 子宮頸癌（Cervical Cancer）

為可透過疫苗預防的癌症。
治療方式包括：

• ✅ 子宮切除手術（早期）

• ✅ 放射合併化學治療（中晚期）

• ✅ 免疫治療：用於晚期或復發患者

🩺 血液癌症（Blood Cancers）

包括白血病、淋巴瘤與多發性骨髓瘤等。
主要治療方式：

✅ 化學治療（Chemotherapy）
✅ 幹細胞移植（Stem Cell Transplantation）
✅ 標靶治療（Targeted Therapy）
✅ 免疫治療（Immunotherapy），如CAR-T細胞療法

🩺 胰臟癌（Pancreatic Cancer）

預後較差，早期診斷至關重要。
治療方式：

✅ 外科手術（如Whipple手術）
✅ 化療（如FOLFIRINOX方案）
✅ 放射治療
✅ 新型標靶或免疫治療（適用於BRCA突變或MSI-H患者）

🩺 食道癌（Esophageal Cancer）

常見於中年男性，與吸菸與飲酒有關。
治療方式：

✅ 手術切除
✅ 化學與放射合併治療
✅ 免疫治療：針對PD-L1陽性或MSI-H患者

🩺 卵巢癌（Ovarian Cancer）

女性常見的婦科腫瘤之一。
治療方式：

✅ 手術切除腫瘤與卵巢
✅ 鉑類化療（Platinum-based Chemotherapy）
✅ PARP抑制劑：針對BRCA突變患者
✅ 標靶與免疫療法（視分子特徵而定）

🩺 腦瘤（Brain Tumors）

可為原發性或轉移性腫瘤。
治療方式：

✅ 神經外科手術
✅ 放射治療（包括立體定位放射手術）
✅ 化療（如Temozolomide）
✅ 標靶治療（根據基因檢測）

🩺 皮膚癌（Skin Cancers）

包括基底細胞癌、鱗狀細胞癌與黑色素瘤。
治療方式：

✅ 外科切除
✅ 免疫治療：如PD-1抑制劑（Nivolumab、Pembrolizumab）
✅ 靶向治療：BRAF / MEK 抑制劑（針對黑色素瘤）

• 🌱 Immunotherapy: Activates the immune system to attack cancer cells
• 🧬 Precision Medicine: Personalizes treatment based on tumor genetics
• 💉 Cell Therapy: Such as CAR-T, effective for certain blood cancers
• 💡 Precision Radiotherapy: Such as Heavy Ion Therapy, Proton Therapy, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT), Selective Internal Radiation Therapy for radioresistant or recurrent tumors or Inoperable cancer

• 🌱 免疫療法：活化免疫系統攻擊癌細胞

• 🧬 精準醫療：根據腫瘤基因進行個人化治療

• 💉 細胞治療：如CAR-T細胞療法，適用於部分血液癌症

• 💡 精準放射治療：如重粒子放射治療、硼中子捕獲治療、質子放射治療、選擇性體內放射治療，適用於具放射抗性腫瘤、復發性腫瘤、或無法開刀手術的癌症部位